Via Verde Case Study Analysis

Via Verde Case Study Analysis Introduction The sustainability in real estate development is fundamental, however, what kind of manner can be sustainable in it is more crucial (Kwame, Liow, and Neo, 2009). In real estate development, this case study has discussed about affordable housing through ten aspects: site, concept, development team, development and approval process, development finance, planning and design, sustainability and healthy living, sales and leasing, management and performance, and observation and lessons learned. Ultimately, notifying some challenges that development might face. Via Verde is a project from the New York City about regeneration the brownfield in Bronx with 222 units mixed-income affordable housing development for rental and ownership with a healthier lifestyle to address health issues, and leads to a new recycling neighbourhood. It is a good example in affordable housing which involves both public and private sectors and city agencies who play key roles on approval and financing. In regulatory management, it performs well. Via Verde had components against green regulation of the city, however, city authorities permit amnesty, which conducts feasibility and flexibility of development. In terms of regulation, it was instituted and had no barrier to develop this project. The decision of planning is through the competition to select the most innovative and creative proposal for the unique site with lots of public and private sectors involved into it in financial, regulatory, planning, material aspects to produce maximum outcome with limited sources. Goals Via Verde planned to create an innovative, high-quality and sustainable housing for mixed-income family with affordable rental or ownership housing. It wants to achieve goal about healthy lifestyle to address problems of high rate of asthma and obesity in children in South Bronx area by green roof, open areas and motivated encouragement of outdoor activities, such as, vegetable garden, green club or indoor fitness centre, which providing resident a location or motivation to involve into green programme and rebuild their lifestyle. The Site Via Verde locates in northeast of Manhattan which is roughly 6.5 miles to the south to midtown Manhattan with fully developed tube and bus system. It sites in the South Bronx, which is one of New Yorks boroughs. It is four blocks away from the nearest tube station, and several bus routes nearby, which are easily access by foot or bike. However, the site is a long narrow and 1.5- acre triangle at the corner of a block, it is hard to develop as a massive affordable housing. In terms of educational aspect, there are some schools nearby, and colleges, where are easy to reach. Via Verde locates in a well location with well life functions, one of the largest park in the city, commercial centre on the nearby station. In 1960s and 70s, the area was suffered by high percentages of crime, especially violence and urban decay with high rates of residents outflow. A wave of arson fires had destroyed lots of buildings and left vacant, ultimately, were obtained by the city- public authority. In the late 1980s, communities have started regeneration and rehabilitation in this area with building new housing and improvement of facilities. The population had declined from roughly 1.47 million to 1.17 million and it has rebounded to 1.41 million by 2013. Bronx is known as poverty, the poorest borough in five of New York City. Large amount of working class family here with around $35,000 income, which is lowest in New York City and 28.5% of residents live in poverty. Therefore, Via Verde development has changed the decay of this area in 2009. The Concept The first process-stage of Via Verde project is as an entry in New York Housing competition, which is sponsored by public sectors and non-profit organization- the city of New York Department of Housing Preservation and Development (HPD), the New York city chapter of American Institute of Architects, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) and Enterprise Foundation. It was the first competition for affordable housing and sustainable housing in the city. The competition was held in 2006 with some aspects and requirements- provoking innovative design and planning to address the housing production issues, resolving affordability, sustainability, transferability, and viability, illustrating how to lower cost of building, and fostering healthy, affordable with well-designed dwelling. 5 out of 32 teams with developers and architects were selected into the final competition, they were requested to refine the proposal of their design. Ultimately, a team with two developers and two architects were chosen to build this project with support by the city and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation has provided $145,000 for environmental uses and improvement. Private city agencies play a key role as representatives in this project after competition to look after in approvals and financing process, maintaining the quality and the innovative features. Instead of using their own ideas, local communities also provide their aspects of affordable housing and green design and healthy living components to development team. The Development Team The two developers in the team are Phipps Houses and Jonathan Rose Companies. Phipps Houses is one of the oldest developer in New York City, which has developed lots of projects of affordable housing, focusing on human development to foster better residency for community and residents. Jonathan Rose Companies is a national integrated real estate company with investment management, development, project management, and planning, which concentrating on developing resilient communities. The designers are Dattner Architects and Grimshaw Architects. Dattner specializes in housing and educational, creative and innovative urban design. Contrary, Grimshaw has been worked in Bronx for many years for revitalization, a local firm which may understand the environment and residency better. This team with two developers and two architects has fully achieved primary conditions of Via Verde project, focusing on green programme, residents, community, affordable housing and localized company. The Development and Approval Process The narrow site which belongs to the city was hard to develop, additionally, the project required unusual approvals for developing, planning and environmental remediation. The city agencies who had responsibility to check the process, in terms of the unique features, it is fundamental for the project to have city agencies shepherd it. This project was supported by the city authority, which is easier for unique development like Via Verde, especially in regulation. The massive development with 222 units wasnt allowed to build in this narrow site, which needed amnesty for it. The development team coped with authorities and solved the problems together, conducting the feasibility of this project. It had more flexible process in the development than others. However, there was parking issue, normally, the residential development is required to build with parking lot, the site of Via Verde was too small for such huge amounts of residents. Nevertheless, the development team has successfully argued about it with the location where is easy to access public transportation, including tube and buses, additionally, there is a huge parking garage nearby. Eventually, the project is accepted without parking in Via Verde. The community from this area had proposed their desire to the development team, they were looking forward to addressing issues of Bronx through Via Verde project. They wish to have affordable housing with for-sale component and resolving the health issues in high rate of childhood asthma. Development Finance Paul Freitag, managing director of Jonatha Rose Companies, which is one developer of the Via Verde project, asserts that development of affordable housing is difficult and complex from different aspects, such as, financing, and planning. However, this project has supported by several different resources, such as, grants, loans, tax, credits, and other funding mechanisms from 19 public, private and non-profit authorities and organizations. Fortunately, the development team obtained the site for $1 from NYC Housing Preservation and Development (HPD) to support affordable housing. The development of Via Verde had arranged with $98.8 million, which were divided into co-op and rental parts, roughly $32 million was arranged to build 71 units of co-op housing for middle-class family, and there was taxable bonds from the New York City Housing Development Corporation (HDC) with floated rate during construction from JP Morgan Chase line of credit, and supporting by HDC, HPD, the borough presidents office, the New York City Council, the New York State Affordable Housing Corporation and NYSERDA. The $66.6 million was assigned for the rest 151 units of rental which were for low-class family, and taxable bonds from HDC with same condition for co-op, 9% federal low-income housing tax credits (LIHTCs) from New York State Homes and Community Renewal and HPD, supporting by HDC, the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York Affordable Housing Programme, and NYSERDA. Eventually, the project exceeded 10% more in cost than expected, mostly used for green features in brownfield remediation, due to poor geographical conditions. Planning and Design The goals of this project are healthier lifestyle and sustainable housing for range incomes households through numerous outdoor activities, good views, and lots of experiences which residents may never had. Three buildings built with good view and facing south, which is better absorbing solar energy. Not only the solar panels on the roof, but also green roof with vegetable and fruit garden provides residents plant and social. Via Verde is designed for rental and ownership, and there is no barrier between them. The developers planned to build a completely new form of affordable housing, instead of red bricks in the past, they selected prefabricated panels with colourful design, which are localized manufacture. Besides, windows are large and operable for good ventilation indoor. Surprisingly, they utilized waterproof layer from localized company with official certificated by LEED programme. From the green rood, windows, air ventilation, waterproof layer, these designs are toward to create a sustainable and healthy residency. Sustainability and Healthy Living The green roof of Via Verde provides not only a place to plant, but also to exercise. Besides, outdoor activities area, there is also an indoor fitness with variety of classes for residents. The design is sufficiently for environmental sustainability on saving energy and cost by using and doing recycling, such as, trash recycle, rainwater recycle system, solar energy system, material choosing, and encourage residents take stairs instead of lifts. From the beginning, the main goal of development is to address health issues in this area. The location provides good motivation for residents to walk more, with tube, school and green parks nearby, which may help to improve it. Additionally, medical centre and pharmacy are located in the ground floor. Sales and Leasing The 151 units of rental are 30 years leasing, earning 40-60 % of area median income, on the other hand, 71 units of co-ops are earning 70-100 %. Management and Performance Via Verde provides variety of activities to motivate residents in healthy lifestyle, such as, vegetable garden where they can grow natural vegetable and fruit and cheaper price of organic food for them, exercises club to encourage them. In the garden club, which is supported and educated by non-profit organization-Grow NYC in sustainable and professional manners. Community gardens, environmental education and recycling programme, these are associating with neighbourhoods to support and modify residents into healthier lifestyle. Via Verde has established a wide range classes community, they are equal, having no barrier, all residents can entrance any common areas or use common facilities. Owners and renters can be member of garden club. There are social events to increase relationship between residents and emphasize the goals of Via Verde. Such as, volunteering to involve communitys events. Annual newsletter provides communication between residents and management, residents are able to transmit their thoughts directly. When the conflicts happen, staff can conclude it instantaneously, which build communication between either residents or management with anytime concierge allowing residents to question or discuss about their considerations and problems. Unlike accustomed affordable housing which normally leads to disappointed and seldom be materialized, Via Verde has evolved into completely new kind of affordable housing with variety of services and events, free dry cleaning for residents fully reserves the expectation of affordable housing. Observation and lessons learned Via Verde has successfully become model of affordable housing development with financial feasibility, and critical acclaim around the USA. Traditionally, there are three forms of affordable housing, developers prefer low-rise, mid-rise is more common, contrary, high-rise is usually seen as faulty for affordable housing from past experiences, especially in huge public projects. However, Via Verde with high-rise component reverses it. With these conditions, Via Verde explosively attracts people, it was designed as rental units, surprisingly, people intend to buy them. Via Verde project wants to build a healthy lifestyle with mixed-income level community in order to address and revitalize poverty issue around South Bronx, resolving problems of health, and more sustainable and vigorous. As a model of affordable housing, Via Verde truly presents and illustrates the cooperation and collaboration between public and private sectors. However, there were difficulties in this development, residents are lack of knowledge in green notion, which is hard for them to adapt into recycling concept. The success of Via Verde is extraordinary, which leads impression changes in affordable housing. Real estate development has stridden forward to another level with higher quality, more comfortable design and planning of affordable housing. Challenges This is a massive project with huge number of units and unique requirements. It is difficult for developers to build 222 units into a narrow, triangle brownfield, which needs innovative and creative ideas to achieve. The model which includes all information has proved the feasibility of the development with acceptable financing and flexible development team and authorities. The aims are healthier lifestyle through recycling and more exercises and organic vegetable or fruit. However, difficulties are lack of knowledge in green lifestyle, and adapting into rules. Via Verde received lots of resources from public and private authorities. In order to replicate the same success from Via Verde, others need to consider about sources which may not be same as them. Conclusion The model of Via Verde development clear in information, however, it is ambiguous about difficulties, and how they convinced funding and planning and decision making. Real estate development is a wide and comprehensive scenario, which involves different kind of people, such as, developers, architects, agents, planners, government, and engineers to frame and accomplish. In this case study of affordable housing, stakeholders are mostly pubic authorities, they did not have significant problems. Except zoning issue that size of site didnt conform to the regular regulation, however, authority has given amnesty permission for it, additionally, parking issue, the flexibility of development has successfully coped with it. Once development is facing some issues, public and private sectors will need to figure out and adapt to solutions, and it would sufficiently prove the feasibility of development. The sustainability of development with persistent encouragement and learning is fundamental. Affordable housing isnt always like what we expect, it can be completely different and well with good development. This case study demonstrates how real estate development brings a long-term and sustainable notion into affordable housing through wide range of consideration. References Kwame, A. D., Liow, K. H., Neo, Y. S., 2009. Sustainability of Sustainable Real Property Development.   Sustainable Real Estate, [e-journal] 1(1). 203-225. Available through: University College London Library website [Accessed 18 December 2016]. ULI, 2014. ULI Case Studies-Via Verde. [online] Available at: [Accessed 20 December 2016].

The Great Gatsby: American Dream or American Nightmare? Essay -- The G

â€Å"The loneliest moment in someone’s life is when they are watching their whole world fall apart, and all they can do is stare blankly.† ― F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby The American Dream, a long standing ideal embodies the hope that one can achieve financial success, political power, and everlasting love through dedication and hard work. During the Roaring 20s, people in America put up facades to mask who they truly were. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald conveys that the American Dream is simply an illusion, that is idealist and unreal. In the novel, Gatsby, a wealthy socialite pursues his dream, Daisy. In the process of pursuing Daisy, Gatsby betrays his morals and destroys himself. Through the eyes of the narrator, Nick, one sees the extent of the corruption Gatsby is willing to undertake in order to achieve his dream. Although Fitzgerald applauds the American Dream he warns against the dangers of living in a world full of illusions and deceit; a trait common during the Roaring 20s. The language and plot devices Fitzgerald uses convey that lies and facades, which were common during the Guided Age, destroys one’s own character and morals. T hrough Fitzgerald use of symbolism, expectations, and relationships, he explores the American dream, and how it is an illusion that corrupts and destroys lives. Through Fitzgerald’s symbolic description of Gatsby, he explores the extent of the American Dream’s deceptive nature that slowly destroys a person and his/her morals. During the Roaring 20s it was very common for people to project illusions to mask who they truly were; to fit in, it was almost essential to have one to survive in the highly materialistic and deceitful society. Nick is introduced as the objective narrator... ...an Dream that becomes corrupted and leads to the ultimate failure and destruction of himself. Some say that Americans strive for the impossible goal of perfection; they live, die and do unimaginable deeds to achieve it, and when they do, they may call the product their own American Dream. The American Dream is substantial perfection. In reality, perfection does not exist, but illusions do. Those who live in a world of lies cause their own demise. Life is a series of unending imperfections. Living a dream of perfection is not possible, thus reducing our cherished American Dream to a simple fantasy. Works Cited Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner, 2004. Print. â€Å"The Great Gatsby in the 21st Century.† CBC Books. CBC/ Radio-Canada. 22 August 2012. Web. 5 May 2015. http://www.cbc.ca/books/2012/08/the-great-gatsby-in-the-21st-century.html

Socio Economic Impacts On Sub Saharan Africa

The exposure to climate alteration is considered to be high in developing states due to societal, economic and environmental conditions that amplify susceptibleness to negative impacts and lend to low capacity to get by with and accommodate to climate jeopardies. In add-on, projected impacts of clime alteration by and large are more inauspicious for low latitudes, where most underdeveloped states are located, than for higher latitudes. The developing states face many challenges – poorness, a high disease load, rapid population growing, nutrient insecurity, and limited H2O entree. Climate alteration is likely to drive the bulk of the population into destitution, as assets are lost and resources are diverted to cover with exigencies, alternatively of being used for development. Historically, the Earth has experienced periods of chilling and heating, with average temperatures staying comparatively stable. These alterations were due to the energy balance between land, sea and ambi ance. However, human activities such as firing fossil fuels and deforestation have contributed to the addition in nursery gases ( GHG ) in the ambiance. These trap much of the heat that would otherwise flight from the Earth, taking to a by and large warmer universe. An agricultural enlargement seems improbable and increases in agricultural productiveness are needed in order to avoid extra people being forced into poorness and hungriness ( Cline 2007 ) . Current clime jeopardies and the impacts of jutting clime alteration endanger human development ( African Development Bank et Al, 2003 ) . Climate is linked to all the Millennium Development Goals, but is most straight relevant to the ends to eliminate utmost poorness and hungriness, cut down kid mortality, combat disease, and guarantee environmental sustainability ( Martin-Hurtado et Al, 2002 ) . Agriculture, which is extremely sensitive to climate and which is projected to be negatively impacted by clime alteration in much of the Torrid Zones and sub-tropics, is the direct or indirect beginning of support for about two-thirds of the population of developing states and is a significant subscriber to their national incomes. About 70 % of the universe ‘s hapless unrecorded in rural countries. Management of clime jeopardies and clime alteration impacts in the agribusiness sector and rural communities will be critical for success. Climate alteration threatens the basic elements of life for people around the universe – entree to H2O, nutrient, wellness, and usage of land and the environment. The exposure of people to nutrient insecurity, which accompanies poorness, is increased due to the debasement of the natural environment and the merchandises ( e.g. fruits, fish, H2O and range-fed farm animal ) and services ( e.g. modulating clime ) that it provides ( Biggs et. al. , 2004 ) . Degradation is due to a figure of tendencies including clime alteration, dirt eroding, the transition of ecosystems into croplands, overgrazing and urban enlargement, among other factors ( Biggs et. al. , 2004 ) . Climate alteration poses a serious menace to ecosystems in the development states in both the medium and long term. Increases in temperature will take, non merely to an addition in the frequence of utmost events, but besides to terrible debasement of biodiversity and the loss of H2O resources that are already scarce ( Biggs et. al. , 2004 ) . Sub-Saharan Africa is the part most vulnerable to the impacts of alteration because of widespread poorness and low degrees of proficient development which limits version capablenesss. There is considerable grounds that clime alteration is already impacting Africa ‘s people and its environment to the greater extend than any other part of the universe in footings of their supports ( Lindsay, et al 2009 ) . The impacts of clime alteration are predicted to impact the supports of most people in developing states and most particularly in Africa in many ways. By 2020, between 75 and 250 million people are predicted to be exposed to increased H2O emphasis due to climate alteration. By 2020, outputs from rain-fed agribusiness in some states could be reduced by up to 50 per centum, increasing nutrient insecurity and hungriness. By 2080, an addition of 5 to 8 per centum of waterless and semi-arid land in Africa is projected. Climate alteration is likely to impact the distribution forms of infective diseases ; for illustration, there is likely to be an addition in mosquitoes which spread dandy fever and xanthous febrility. Sea degrees are projected to lift by around 25cm by 2050 ; Africa ‘s coastal countries are already sing environmental jobs including coastal eroding, deluging and remission. ( Said Kolawole et al 2009 ) . Alessandra Giannini, et Al, 2008, reviews the grounds that connects drouth and desertification in the Sahel with clime alteration past, present and future in the sub-region. Their survey concludes that there is a correlativity between the desertification and clime alteration in the Sahel part of Africa. The African Sahel provides the most dramatic illustration of multi-decadal clime variableness that has been quantitatively and straight measured. Annual rainfall across this part fell by between 20 and 30 per cent between the decennaries taking up to political independency for the Sahelian states ( 1930s to 1950s ) and the decennaries since ( 1970s to 1990s ) . Lindsay, et al 2009, farther throws more light on the impacts of clime alteration, drouth and desertification and how they are closely interlinked, and most acutely experienced by populations whose supports depend chiefly on natural resources. Their paper examines three interlinked drivers of version ; clime alteration, desertification and drouth, measuring the extent to which international and national policy supports local adaptative schemes. 2. Problem Statement The unimpeded growing of nursery gas emanations is raising the Earth ‘s temperature. The effects include runing glaciers, more precipitation, more and more utmost conditions events, and switching seasons. The speed uping gait of clime alteration, combined with planetary population and income growing, threatens nutrient security everyplace. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate alteration. Higher temperatures finally cut down outputs of desirable harvests while promoting weed and pest proliferation. Changes in precipitation forms increase the likeliness of short-term harvest failures and long-term production diminutions. Although there will be additions in some harvests in some parts of the universe, the overall impacts of clime alteration on agribusiness are expected to be negative, endangering planetary nutrient security. Populations in the underdeveloped universe, which are already vulnerable and nutrient insecure, are likely to be the most earnestly affected. In 2005, about half of the economically active population in developing countries-2.5 billion people-relied on agribusiness for its support. Today, 75 per centum of the universe ‘s hapless unrecorded in rural countries. ( Gerald C. et Al 2009 ) . Climate alteration issues require multiple stakeholders, planetary challenges and societal sustainability issues. This is because there are changing arguments on the causes, impacts of clime, version and extenuation issues when placing sustainable solutions on the subject. The presence of important uncertainnesss has led research workers to stress the analysis of regional and national effects ( Mendelsohn & A ; Dinar, 2004 ) . The issue of clime alteration is without uncertainty of import for developing states with an agricultural economic system and really hard to grok easy as it is multi- faceted in attack. The subject is really complex, multinational in nature and integrated in position and attack. The linkage of societal impact of clime alteration in the development states have non been good researched and most particularly in connexion with Sub Saharan Africa and non-Sub-Sahara Africa ( NSSA ) states. Climate Change has several support impacts in developing states as it reduces outputs, family incomes, wellness issues, environmental jobs and the exposure of the disadvantages in rural communities. 3. Hypothesis The socio-economic impact of clime alteration is much more likely to impact Sub-Saharan Africa ( SSA ) than non-Sub-Sahara Africa ( NSSA ) states and socio-economic dimension of version severally. 4. Overall Aim To set about a comparative surveies on the socio-economic impact of clime alteration and their socio- economic dimensions of version in Sub-Saharan Africa ( SSA ) and non-Sub-Sahara Africa ( NSSA ) states. 5. Empirical Research Questions 1. To reexamine literature on the socio-economic impacts of clime alteration in the development states. 2. To place the linkages between Sub-Saharan Africa ( SSA ) and non-Sub-Sahara Africa ( NSSA ) states in footings of clime alteration socio-economic impacts. 3. To analyze the socio-economic dimensions of version in these states, taking into history, pro-poor version, microfinance, safety cyberspace, new engineerings, index insurance and supports. 6. Theoretical and Conceptual Issues A significant sum of research has been conducted on the possible effects of clime on agricultural productiveness ( Parry, 1990 ; Leemans & A ; Solomon, 1993 ) . Some surveies have used clime induced alterations in harvest output to gauge possible planetary economic impacts ( Kane et al. , 1992 ) , while others have examined the indirect impact on economic variables such as farm gross and income ( Lang, 2001 ; Molua, 2003 ) . Schimmelpfennig et Al. ( 1996 ) present a simple taxonomy that classifies the method of analysis as either structural ( Adams et al. , 1990, 1995, 1998 ) or spacial parallel ( Darwin et al. , 1999 ; Kurukulasuriya & A ; Ajwad, 2007 ) . This survey would use some institutional economic sciences theories and the sustainable supports model analysis in making the comparative surveies. 7. Methodology The survey would do usage of quantitative and qualitative reappraisals of literature from secondary beginnings and informations already collected from the assorted parts and set about the comparative reappraisal and analysis. The survey would every bit good do usage of participatory rural assessment methods when sing the field for informations aggregation to acquire first manus information on the impacts of clime alteration and version in the assorted parts. Quantitative analysis and econometrics methods would be applied in this survey every bit good. Data analysis would every bit good be made with mention to the research jobs and aims. Data collected would be classified after the aggregation procedure and Statistical Package for the Social Science ( SPSS ) would be used to analyze all the informations collected in the field.

The Pros and Cons of the Internet Essay example - 1156 Words

The computer has had a tremendous impact on society as we know it. It gives a voice to those who cannot speak and those who cannot breathe on their own receive mechanically computerized help. The computer has given us many wonderful things used for wonderful purposes, but there are vast ways in which these things have been misused by our people. One of these things is the internet and a common way it is misused is by way of plagiarism. Plagiarism is an act in which one person, in essence, steals the work of another and uses it for their own purposes (Cafferty, Serwer). It is an ugly act used these days for many purposes. Many students use the internet to get pre-written essays. Writers will use the internet for source purposes†¦show more content†¦It is an honest mistake, but the damage is already done. The internet makes plagiarism quite simple to do. It appeals very much to lazier people who have something they must get done. There is almost no writing involved, depending on how the paper is plagiarized. If the entire article is run off and used as one’s own, there is obviously no writing or thought involved. All a person really has to do is find an enticing article on their subject and print it out. Of course they could use only certain, little phrases of it in a majority of their own work, but that is still considered plagiarism. The internet makes the idea and the act way too simple. In many cases, the average reader respects the integrity of the author enough to trust what they say. If the author forgets to cite his source, many readers will not notice. There are a few, however, who might. Some may have read the information somewhere before reading the article and become suspicious. The internet has a good aspect, though. It makes it much easier to catch plagiarism where it exists. The internet holds all kinds of sources from books to abstracts. An authority figure can simply use a search engine to find the phrase or essay. All she have to do is type in what she is looking for and press the search button. The engine will come up with a collection of articles or essays that contain that phrase. The authority figure can look at these to determine whether or not the person inShow MoreRelatedThe Internet : The Pros And Cons Of The Internet786 Words   |  4 Pagesboth pros and cons when there is a discussion about the internet. We can learn so much of what we can read on the internet. Which is great news considering most of us are using the internet. To prove my point we visit page 116 in the book The Shallows, the book supports our solution. Nicholas G. Carr discusses all about the internet in our generation and how we use it. He talks about the internet being beneficial for us to attain useful knowledge. 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